Evaluating an augmented reality interface for sailing navigation: a comparative study with a immersive virtual reality simulator

Abstract Sailing navigation is an activity that requires acquiring and processing information from the surrounding environment. The advancement of technology has enabled sailboats to have increasing number onboard sensors make sailing more user-friendly. However, data provided by these are still visualized on 2D digital displays imitate traditional analog interfaces. Although strategically placed sailboat, user needs divert attention primary task look at them, thus spending a significant amount cognitive resources. AR-based technologies potential overcome limitations displaying registered in real environment, but there no studies literature for validating effectiveness this field sailing. Thus, we designed head-mounted display interface assist users monitoring wind avoid diversion We conducted study involving 45 participants Immersive Virtual Reality simulated collected objective subjective measures compare with visualization system. outperformed system regarding reaction time, load, usability, experience.